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A highly contagious stomach bug known as norovirus is surging across the United States, causing sudden bouts of vomiting and diarrhea in its wake. Recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reveals a significant uptick in norovirus outbreaks, marking the highest levels seen in over a decade.
During the week of December 5, 2024, the CDC reported 91 norovirus outbreaks, a substantial increase from the 69 outbreaks noted in late November1. This surge surpasses previous seasonal highs, which were capped at 65 outbreaks during the same timeframe in recent years. The current outbreak levels are the highest recorded for this season since at least 2012.
Norovirus, often mistakenly called the "stomach flu," is the leading cause of foodborne illnesses in the United States, accounting for 58% of such infections annually. This highly contagious virus can cause illness with as few as 10 viral particles. Symptoms typically include:
- Sudden onset of vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Abdominal pain
- Body aches
- Headaches
- Fever
The virus spreads rapidly through direct contact with infected individuals, contaminated surfaces, or consumption of tainted food and water. Outbreaks are most common from November to April, peaking in the winter months. Norovirus outbreaks frequently occur in:
- Healthcare facilities, particularly long-term care centers
- Cruise ships
- Schools and daycare centers
- Restaurants and catered events
While most people recover within one to three days, norovirus can have severe consequences, especially for vulnerable populations1. Annually in the United States, norovirus causes:
- 19 to 21 million illnesses
- 109,000 hospitalizations
- 900 deaths
The elderly, young children, and individuals with compromised immune systems are at the highest risk for severe complications, with dehydration being a primary concern1.
As there is no specific medication or vaccine currently available for norovirus, prevention is crucial. Health officials emphasize the importance of:
- Frequent and thorough handwashing
- Proper food handling and preparation
- Thorough cleaning and disinfection of contaminated surfaces
Those infected should stay home to prevent spreading the virus and focus on maintaining hydration .As the norovirus season continues, public health officials urge vigilance and adherence to hygiene practices to curb the spread of this unpleasant and potentially dangerous stomach bug.
